Risk attributes queried in insurance proposal forms across all lines of business – with relevance to coverages, underwriting impact and mitigation measures.
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Access control system records the method by which entry to a location or to sensitive areas within it (server rooms, cash offices, hazardous storage) is restricted and logged, as queried in property and cyber insurance proposal forms to assess unauthorised-access exposure.
Adjacent buildings at construction site describes the proximity, type and condition of neighbouring structures that could be damaged by excavation, vibration, dewatering or crane operations, as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks and construction liability proposal forms.
Adjacent property exposure describes the occupancy, construction and separation distance of neighbouring buildings and sites, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess the risk of fire or explosion spreading to or from a location.
Alternative production site records whether the insured has access to a second, qualified site at which critical production or service delivery can be resumed following a total loss of the primary location, as queried in business interruption proposal forms.
Annual mileage records the distance a vehicle or fleet is expected to travel per year, as queried in motor insurance proposal forms because it is a direct driver of accident frequency exposure.
Backup strategy and offline copy records how frequently an organisation backs up critical data and whether at least one copy is kept offline, air-gapped or immutable, a decisive control against ransomware queried in cyber proposal forms.
Bottleneck machinery identifies the units within a production process that have no redundancy and whose failure or destruction would halt or severely constrain the entire output, as queried in property and machinery proposal forms.
Building floor area records the footprint and total gross floor area of a building, and is queried in property proposal forms to size fire compartments, accumulation and probable maximum loss.
Building maintenance condition records the observed state of upkeep of a building's structure and technical installations, and is queried in property proposal forms as a general indicator of housekeeping standards and loss frequency.
The business activity description records the precise nature of the operations conducted at an insured location or by an insured entity, as captured in insurance proposal forms to establish the risk profile and scope of cover.
Business interruption loss history records the frequency, cause, duration and financial impact of an operation's past interruption and contingent business interruption events, giving underwriters a direct test of the declared indemnity period and dependency exposure.
Business travel days abroad records the number of employee travel days spent on international business trips per year, used to size accumulation and severity exposure for accident and travel insurance underwriting.
Cargo value in transit records the maximum value of goods typically carried on a single vehicle, wagon or consignment at any one time, as queried in goods-in-transit proposal forms to set per-conveyance and aggregate accumulation limits.
Chemical inventory and quantities records the range and volume of chemical substances handled or stored by the insured, as queried in property and environmental liability proposal forms.
Cloud usage extent records how much of an organisation's critical infrastructure, applications and data has moved to public, private or hybrid cloud environments, and how that dependency is configured and secured.
Combustible dust generation records whether the insured's process produces fine particulate that can form an explosible dust cloud, as queried in property and business interruption proposal forms.
Compliance and governance programme records whether the applicant maintains a formal, documented compliance function and governance framework, as queried in directors' and officers' liability proposal forms.
Compressed gas cylinder storage records the number and type of compressed, liquefied or dissolved gas cylinders held on site, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Construction class categorises a building by the combustibility and fire resistance of its structural materials, and is queried in property proposal forms to gauge fire severity potential and set base rates.
Construction delay risk captures the factors that could push a project beyond its planned completion date, and the financial consequences of such delay, as assessed in Construction and Erection All Risks proposal forms alongside any associated delay-in-start-up cover.
Construction period is the planned duration from commencement of works on site to practical completion (and, where applicable, the subsequent maintenance period), as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks proposal forms.
Construction sum insured is the total contract value of the works, materials, plant and site facilities to be completed under a Construction or Erection All Risks policy, forming the basis on which premium and probable maximum loss are calculated.
Contractor usage records the extent to which an insured relies on external contractors and subcontractors for operations, maintenance or construction work on its premises, since third-party workers introduce liability and property risks that the insured does not fully control.
Contractual penalty clauses record whether an insured has agreed to liquidated damages, penalty payments or performance guarantees in its customer contracts, since such assumed contractual liability typically exceeds and falls outside standard general or professional liability cover.
Corporate group structure captures the applicant's shareholding chain, subsidiaries, joint ventures and foreign affiliates, as queried in directors' and officers' and umbrella liability proposal forms.
Cover for existing structures records whether a Construction or Erection All Risks policy extends to pre-existing buildings and installations owned or under the care, custody or control of the principal on which works are being carried out.
Crane and lifting operations records whether tower cranes, mobile cranes or other heavy lifting equipment are used on the construction site, as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks and general liability proposal forms.
Credit rating captures the external or internal creditworthiness assessment assigned to an applicant or its counterparties, as queried in credit, surety and directors' and officers' proposal forms.
Critical spare parts stock records the extent to which components with long replacement lead times for bottleneck machinery are held in stock, contractually reserved or otherwise secured, as queried in machinery and business interruption proposal forms.
Customer concentration records the share of the insured's total revenue generated by its single largest customer or by a small group of top customers, as queried in business interruption and trade credit proposal forms.
Cyber incident history records the frequency, nature and cost of an organisation's past cyber security incidents and data breaches, giving underwriters a key indicator of control effectiveness and future breach likelihood.
D&O claims and proceedings history records past claims, regulatory investigations and derivative or securities actions brought against a company's directors and officers, giving underwriters the primary basis for assessing management liability exposure.
Dangerous goods transport records whether an insured's vehicles carry classified hazardous substances, as queried in motor liability and environmental proposal forms because it substantially increases the severity of potential third-party and environmental loss.
Debtor structure and concentration measures how the applicant's receivables are distributed across buyers, in particular the share held by the largest debtors, as queried in trade credit insurance proposal forms.
Directors and officers exposure profile summarises the applicant's board composition, decision-making structure and the regulatory and stakeholder environment its directors operate in, as queried in D&O proposal forms.
Driver pool and minimum age records who is authorised to operate the insured vehicles and the minimum age or licence-holding period required, as queried in motor and fleet insurance proposal forms to assess the human-factor exposure behind the wheel.
E-bike and bicycle ownership records the number, type and value of bicycles and e-bikes owned by a household, as queried in bicycle insurance proposal forms to assess theft, accidental-damage and battery-related exposure.
Earthquake hazard zone records the seismic intensity or microzonation class assigned to a location by a recognised hazard map, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess ground-shaking exposure.
Employment of domestic staff records whether a household employs cleaners, nannies, gardeners or other domestic workers, as queried in household liability and accident insurance proposal forms to assess employer's liability and mandatory social-insurance exposure.
Environmental installation risk records the presence, type and condition of an insured's plant, tanks, pipework and storage facilities that could release pollutants into soil, groundwater, surface water or air, and is central to underwriting environmental liability exposure.
Environmentally hazardous substances records which substances handled or stored by the insured pose a risk of soil, groundwater or surface water contamination, as queried in environmental liability proposal forms.
Expatriate assignments records the number of employees on long-term postings outside their home country, used to size exposure for international medical and business travel accident underwriting.
Explosion protection concept confirms whether locations handling flammable gases, vapours or combustible dusts have a documented ATEX- compliant explosion protection concept with hazardous area classification, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Export control compliance records whether an insured has a formal process to screen products, customers and destinations against export control, sanctions and dual-use regulations before shipment, since violations can trigger regulatory, contractual and liability exposure.
Facade material records the composition and fire classification of a building's external wall cladding and insulation, and is queried in property proposal forms because combustible facades enable rapid, hard-to-suppress vertical fire spread.
Fidelity/crime loss history records past employee dishonesty, theft, fraud and cash-handling shortfall events, giving underwriters direct evidence of internal control effectiveness and moral hazard within an organisation.
Fire brigade response distance records the road distance and expected response time from the nearest public or works fire brigade to a location, and is queried in property proposal forms to gauge how quickly external fire-fighting support can arrive.
Fire compartmentation records how a building is subdivided into fire-resistant sections, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess how effectively a fire can be contained before it spreads.
Fire detection and alarm system records whether, and to what extent and design standard, a location is equipped with automatic fire detection, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Fire doors and shutters records whether openings between fire compartments are protected by self-closing, fire-rated doors, gates or shutters, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Fire drills and training records how regularly staff practise evacuation and basic firefighting response through drills and instruction, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Fire protection concept status confirms whether a location has a documented, coherent fire protection concept covering structural, technical and organisational measures, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Fire safety officer appointed confirms whether a named individual with defined authority and competence has been formally assigned responsibility for fire safety at a location, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Fire-fighting water supply records the source, flow rate and duration of water available for fire suppression at a location, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess whether sprinklers and hydrants can be sustained through a design-basis fire.
Flammable liquids storage quantity records the maximum volume of flammable and combustible liquids held on site at any one time, as queried in property and environmental liability proposal forms.
Flood hazard zone records the flood return-period class assigned to a location by a recognised hazard map or zoning system, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess exposure to riverine and lake flooding.
Fuel storage tanks records whether the insured operates above-ground or underground tanks for fuels such as diesel, heating oil or petrol, as queried in property and environmental liability proposal forms.
Gross profit basis records the insured's declared gross profit margin (gross profit as a percentage of turnover) used to establish the sum insured basis for a business interruption policy, as queried in property and BI proposal forms.
Ground conditions risk classifies the geotechnical and hydrogeological characteristics of a construction site, such as soil bearing capacity, groundwater level and flood exposure, as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks proposal forms.
Groundwater and dewatering records whether excavation works require active groundwater lowering and, if so, by what method, as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks proposal forms.
Guarding services records whether, and to what extent, a location is protected by static or patrolling security personnel and by contracted alarm response, as queried in property insurance proposal forms to assess response time and deterrence.
Hail and windstorm exposure zone records the hail-frequency and gust-speed class assigned to a location by a recognised hazard map, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess exposure to hail and windstorm events.
Hazardous materials transport volume records the quantity of dangerous goods moved by the insured's own or contracted vehicles per shipment or per year, as queried in motor liability and environmental liability proposal forms.
Health claims history records an individual's or group's past medical treatment and benefit utilisation, giving underwriters the primary basis for individual medical underwriting and group experience rating.
Health declaration records the set of self-reported health questions an applicant answers when applying for individual life, health or disability cover, forming the primary basis for medical risk assessment.
Heritage protection status records whether a building is listed or otherwise legally protected for its historic, architectural or cultural value, and is queried in property proposal forms because it constrains repair options and can significantly increase reinstatement cost.
Home security level records the standard of burglary-resistant locks, doors, windows and, where installed, alarm systems protecting a residence, as queried in home contents and valuables insurance proposal forms.
Hot work permit system confirms whether welding, cutting, grinding and similar spark- or heat-generating activities are controlled through a formal permit procedure, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Household contents value is the declared or estimated total value of a household's movable property, used to set the sum insured for home contents and to detect potential underinsurance in personal lines property proposals.
Incident response plan records whether an organisation has a documented, tested procedure for detecting, containing and recovering from a cyber security incident, and how quickly it can be activated.
Indemnity period records the maximum length of time, in months, for which a business interruption or contingent business interruption policy will pay the insured's loss of gross profit following an insured damage event.
Intrusion detection system status records whether a location is protected by an automatic burglar alarm connected to a monitored response, as queried in property and warehouse insurance proposal forms to assess theft and burglary exposure.
Just-in-time dependency records whether the insured operates with minimal buffer stock and relies on frequent, closely timed deliveries from suppliers to sustain production, as queried in contingent business interruption proposal forms.
Key management describes the procedures by which physical keys, key cards and master keys are issued, tracked and recovered, as queried in property insurance proposal forms to assess the integrity of an otherwise effective mechanical security or access control system.
Key person dependency records how much of a company's revenue, client relationships or technical know-how relies on one or a small number of named individuals, underpinning key person life and disability cover.
Level of automation records the degree to which a site's processes are controlled by manual labour, semi-automated equipment or fully automated and networked systems, which shapes both physical loss potential and cyber-physical exposure.
The liability activity description records the precise operations, products and services an insured performs, as declared in general and product liability proposal forms to define the scope and rating basis of the cover.
Liability claims history (5 years) records the frequency, cause, cost and legal status of a business's past general, product and umbrella liability claims, giving underwriters the primary basis for assessing tort exposure and pricing the account.
Lightning protection system confirms whether a building and its electrical and electronic installations are protected by an external and internal lightning protection system, as queried in property and electronic equipment insurance proposal forms.
Listed company status records whether the applicant's shares or bonds are admitted to trading on a public stock exchange, as queried in directors' and officers' liability proposal forms.
Lithium-ion battery storage records whether the insured stores, charges or stockpiles lithium-ion batteries or battery-powered equipment in quantity, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Loss frequency trend classifies whether an operation's rate of claims per exposure unit has been increasing, stable or decreasing over recent policy years, giving underwriters a forward-looking signal beyond the raw claims count.
Machinery fleet age records the average or maximum age of the production and processing equipment at an insured site, as ageing machinery carries a higher probability of breakdown and consequential business interruption.
Contractor structure records whether a construction project is delivered under a single main contractor with subcontracted trades, or through separate trade contracts let directly by the principal, as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks and construction liability proposal forms.
The management of change process attribute records whether an insured operates a formal procedure to review new or modified equipment, processes and organisational arrangements for fire, explosion and liability risk before implementation.
Motor claims history records the frequency, cause, at-fault status and cost of past motor liability and own-damage claims for a vehicle or fleet, giving underwriters the core empirical input for no-claims rating and fleet risk grading.
Multi-factor authentication records whether privileged, remote and email access to an organisation's systems requires more than one independent authentication factor, a baseline control queried in virtually every cyber insurance proposal form.
Employee headcount records the total number of persons employed by the policyholder, used to size exposure for liability, accident and group health underwriting and to benchmark rates per employee.
Number of rented-out properties records how many residential or commercial units a policyholder lets to third parties, as queried in landlord buildings, rent-loss and liability insurance proposal forms to assess accumulation and property-owner exposure.
Number of storeys records the vertical extent of a building above and below ground, and is queried in property proposal forms because it affects fire and smoke behaviour, evacuation and firefighting access.
Occupancy type records the actual use of a building or premises, and is queried in property and liability proposal forms because it determines the hazard class applicable to fire, business interruption and third-party risk.
Occupational pension plan records the design and generosity of the employer's supra-mandatory BVG pension benefits, used to underwrite group life and reinsurance/stop-loss cover for pension risk.
OT/IT network segmentation records whether operational technology such as production and process control systems is logically and physically separated from the corporate IT network, limiting the ability of a cyber incident to cross into physical operations.
Patch management records how systematically an organisation identifies and applies security updates to operating systems, applications and network devices, and within what timeframe, a control central to limiting exploitable vulnerability exposure.
Pending litigation captures ongoing, threatened or recently settled legal proceedings and regulatory investigations involving the applicant or its directors and officers, as queried in liability proposal forms.
Perimeter lighting records whether the exterior areas, yard and access routes of a site are illuminated during hours of darkness, as queried in property insurance proposal forms to assess deterrence and the effectiveness of video surveillance at night.
Personal data processing records the volume and sensitivity of personal and special-category data an organisation collects, stores or processes, a primary driver of breach notification duties, regulatory exposure and third-party liability.
Pet ownership records whether the household keeps dogs, cats or other animals, the species, breed and number of animals, as queried in animal liability and pet insurance proposal forms to assess bite, property-damage and veterinary-cost exposure.
The planned maintenance programme attribute records whether an insured operates a documented, scheduled preventive maintenance regime for its machinery and equipment, as opposed to purely reactive repair, which is a key predictor of breakdown frequency.
Planning and advisory activity records whether, and to what extent, an insured provides design, planning, engineering or advisory services, since such intellectual or professional work carries pure financial loss exposure distinct from bodily injury or property damage.
Portable extinguishers and wall hydrants coverage confirms whether a location is equipped with first-response firefighting equipment sized and positioned to the occupancy, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Premium payment history records the applicant's track record of paying insurance premiums on time across prior policies, as queried in property and liability proposal forms.
Prior insurer and reason for cancellation records the identity of the applicant's previous carrier and, where cover was not simply renewed on standard terms, why it ended, giving underwriters an early signal of undisclosed adverse history.
Product certification and standards compliance records which safety, performance or regulatory standards an insured's products are certified against (e.g. CE marking, UL listing, industry-specific norms), since gaps in certification are a leading cause of product liability and recall exposure.
Product risk classification groups an insured's products by the severity of harm they could plausibly cause if defective, ranging from low-hazard goods to safety-critical or life-sustaining products, and drives the underwriting treatment of product liability exposure.
Production capacity and utilisation record the theoretical maximum output of a site and the percentage of that capacity currently used, which together determine how much spare capacity exists elsewhere to absorb a loss and how business interruption indemnity should be calculated.
Property claims history (5 years) records the frequency, cause and cost of a location's or portfolio's past property and business interruption losses, giving underwriters the primary empirical basis for grading physical risk and pricing the account.
Quality management certification records whether an insured's quality system is certified to a recognised standard such as ISO 9001, which underwriters use as an indicator of consistent process control and therefore of product liability and recall risk.
Recall potential and history records an insured's prior product recalls or field corrective actions together with an assessment of how likely and how costly a future recall would be, given product design, market reach and traceability.
Recovery time objective (RTO) records the target maximum time within which a critical process, system or facility must be restored after a disruption, as defined in the insured's business continuity plan and queried in business interruption proposal forms.
Remote access and homeoffice extent records how many employees connect to corporate systems remotely, through which technical channel, and under what security controls, a significant driver of the attack surface in cyber underwriting.
Revenue seasonality records how evenly the insured's turnover is spread across the year, or whether it is concentrated in specific peak periods, as queried in business interruption proposal forms to correctly time and size the loss of gross profit.
Revenue split by activity records the breakdown of an insured's total turnover across its different business activities or product lines, allowing underwriters to allocate premium and business interruption sum insured proportionately to each activity's distinct risk profile.
Roof construction and covering records the structural build-up and weatherproofing materials of a roof, and is queried in property proposal forms because roofs are a frequent source of fire spread, snow-load collapse and weather damage.
Safe and mechanical security rating records the certified resistance grade of a safe, strongroom or vault used to store cash and valuables, as queried in property and cash-shortage insurance proposal forms to set sum-insured limits for stored values.
Safety training programme records whether the policyholder runs a structured, documented occupational safety training scheme for employees, a key mitigation factor in accident and liability underwriting.
Secondary residence records whether the insured property is a holiday home or other secondary residence occupied only part of the year, as distinct from the policyholder's primary domicile, which affects both buildings and household liability underwriting.
Home office share records the proportion of staff regularly working remotely rather than at a company premises, relevant to occupational accident classification and cyber exposure underwriting.
Share of export revenue records the percentage of an insured's turnover generated outside its home jurisdiction, which underwriters use to assess exposure to foreign product liability regimes, litigation environments and currency and trade-related risks.
Shell construction type records the primary structural material and method used for the building's shell and core (e.g. reinforced concrete, steel frame, timber), as declared in Construction and Erection All Risks proposal forms.
Shift operations record whether a production or processing site runs single, double, triple or continuous shifts, as this pattern drives supervision levels, equipment wear and the frequency of hazardous shutdown and start-up events.
Shutdown and start-up frequency records how often production equipment is deliberately taken offline and restarted, since these transitional states carry a disproportionately high share of machinery breakdown and fire losses compared with steady-state running.
Single-source suppliers records whether the insured procures a critical raw material, component or service from only one supplier or production site, with no qualified alternative available on short notice, as queried in contingent business interruption proposal forms.
Site access and accessibility describes the road, gate and internal circulation arrangements that allow emergency vehicles and personnel to reach and move around a location, and is queried in property and construction proposal forms to assess emergency response capability.
Smoke and heat venting records whether, and to what extent, a building is fitted with natural or powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilation (SHEV), as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Smoking policy records whether smoking is fully prohibited or confined to designated, fire-safe smoking areas on the premises, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Snow load zone records the ground and roof snow load class assigned to a location by a recognised design code or hazard map, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess exposure to roof collapse from accumulated snow.
Spontaneous combustion-prone materials records whether the insured handles or stores materials that can self-heat and ignite without an external ignition source, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Sprinkler protection extent records whether, and to what design standard, a location is protected by an automatic sprinkler system, as queried in property insurance proposal forms.
Staff accommodation records whether the employer provides on-site or company-managed housing for employees, relevant to property and liability exposure where residential and operational risk overlap.
Staff turnover rate records the annual proportion of employees leaving and being replaced, used as a proxy for training gaps, morale and operational risk in liability and accident underwriting.
Subcontractor usage records the extent to which an insured delegates construction, installation or operational work to subcontractors, and whether contractual risk transfer arrangements are in place, since subcontracted work can create vicarious or non-delegable liability for the insured.
Surface water and backflow risk records a location's exposure to heavy-rain ponding and sewer backflow independent of riverine flooding, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess exposure to pluvial flood events.
Suva hazard class records the occupational hazard category assigned to a business activity under the Swiss occupational accident insurance tariff, determining the base rate applied to the insured wage sum.
Telematics and driver assistance systems records whether an insured's vehicles are equipped with telematics tracking and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), as queried in motor insurance proposal forms because such systems measurably reduce accident frequency and severity.
Terms and liability waivers record whether an insured uses standard terms and conditions containing liability limitation, exclusion or waiver clauses, and whether such clauses are legally enforceable in the relevant contract or sales jurisdiction.
Third-party access to systems describes which external vendors, suppliers or service providers hold network or system access into an organisation's IT environment, and under what controls, a frequent source of indirect cyber exposure.
Transport routes and radius records the typical geographic operating area and journey type of an insured fleet, as queried in motor liability proposal forms because road type, distance and territory materially change the accident and jurisdictional exposure.
US/Canada revenue share records the percentage of an insured's turnover generated in or attributable to the United States and Canada, which underwriters treat separately from other export markets due to the materially higher liability litigation exposure in these jurisdictions.
UVG wage sum records the total insurable payroll subject to mandatory Swiss occupational accident insurance (UVG), forming the premium base that Suva or the private UVG insurer applies its hazard-class rate to.
Valuables value is the declared or appraised total value of jewellery, watches, furs, art and other individually valuable items kept in a household, used to set sublimits and safe-storage requirements in valuables insurance proposals.
VdS security classification records the recognised protection class assigned to a location's overall security concept (combining mechanical, electronic and organisational measures), as queried in property insurance proposal forms to benchmark security adequacy against value at risk.
Vehicle fleet age records the average and maximum age of vehicles within an insured fleet, as queried in motor and fleet insurance proposal forms because older vehicles carry higher breakdown, safety and total-loss risk.
Vehicle fleet size and type records the number, category and use of motor vehicles operated by an insured, as queried in motor fleet insurance proposal forms to establish the scope and homogeneity of the risk to be rated.
Video surveillance coverage records the extent to which a location's perimeter, entrances and vulnerable areas are monitored by a CCTV system, as queried in property insurance proposal forms to assess deterrence and post-loss investigation capability.
Waste management process describes how the insured collects, sorts, stores and disposes of production and packaging waste, as queried in property and environmental liability proposal forms.
Wildfire exposure records a location's proximity to forest, scrub or grassland fuel and its position in the wildland-urban interface, and is queried in property proposal forms to assess exposure to wildfire spread.
Year of construction records when a building was originally built, serving as a proxy for the applicable building code generation, ageing building services and expected maintenance needs.