Refrigeration System and Compressor Risk
Refrigeration systems and compressors carry mechanical breakdown risk as well as substance-specific hazards from the refrigerant used; ammonia systems add toxicity and explosion hazards that require structural separation and dedicated detection.
Mechanical and substance risk
As the core component of a refrigeration system, compressors are subject to the same mechanical failure mechanisms as other rotating equipment: bearing damage, seal failure and inadequate lubrication. Added to this is a substance-specific hazard from the circulating refrigerant: flammable refrigerants carry an explosion risk, while ammonia is additionally highly toxic and corrosive and poses an immediate hazard to people nearby in the event of a leak.
Protective measures
For ammonia systems, structural separation of the machine room from vulnerable areas, an effective gas detection system with staged alarm thresholds, and ventilation suitable for the hazardous area are essential. For all refrigeration systems, regular leak testing, monitoring of pressure and temperature at the compressor and condenser, and a documented professional qualification of operating and maintenance personnel also apply.
Insurance relevance
For machinery and property insurance, refrigeration systems require assessment of both the mechanical breakdown risk of the compressor and the substance-specific hazard of the refrigerant. For ammonia systems, insurers specifically check compliance with structural and safety requirements, since an incident can trigger significant liability and business interruption consequences in addition to property damage.