{
  "id": "term-operationelles-risiko",
  "type": "term",
  "languages": {
    "en": {
      "id": "term-operationelles-risiko",
      "lang": "en",
      "type": "term",
      "title": "Operational Risk (Operationelles Risiko)",
      "shortDefinition": "Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate internal processes, people, systems, or from external events, and is treated as a distinct risk category under Solvency II.",
      "synonyms": [
        "Operationelles Risiko"
      ],
      "linesOfBusiness": [
        "All lines"
      ],
      "jurisdictions": [],
      "tags": [
        "Risk Management",
        "Solvency II"
      ],
      "relations": {
        "relatedTerms": [
          "term-orsa",
          "term-modellrisiko"
        ],
        "partOf": [],
        "appliesTo": [],
        "regulatedBy": [],
        "relevantFor": [],
        "insurableVia": [],
        "mitigatedBy": [],
        "comprises": [],
        "alternativeTo": [],
        "complementedBy": []
      },
      "attribute": null,
      "profile": null,
      "coverageProfile": null,
      "clause": null,
      "legalBasis": [],
      "standards": [],
      "reviewStatus": "expert-reviewed",
      "reviewedBy": "Guido Hesse, Hesse Group Holding AG",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-09-04",
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-08-31",
      "generated": {
        "by": "process:reconstructed",
        "at": "2026-08-31T00:00:00.000Z"
      },
      "verified": [
        {
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      ],
      "staleAfter": null,
      "url": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/en/knowledge/term/operational-risk/",
      "alternateUrl": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/de/wissen/begriff/operationelles-risiko/",
      "body": "## Concept\n\nOperational risk refers to the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, from the conduct of employees, from system failures, or from external events. It must be clearly distinguished from insurance risk and market risk, since it does not arise from the business activity consciously undertaken itself, but from its flawed execution.\n\n## Typical Manifestations\n\nTypical manifestations of operational risk include IT outages and cyberattacks, fraud committed by employees or third parties, errors in claims handling or premium billing, failure to comply with regulatory requirements (compliance risk), and reputational damage resulting from publicly disclosed misconduct.\n\n## Relevance under Solvency II\n\nUnder Solvency II, operational risk is incorporated as a distinct risk module in the calculation of the Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR), with the standard formula using a simplified approach based on premium and reserve volumes; larger insurers using an internal model, by contrast, frequently must quantify operational risk using more granular methods such as scenario analysis and historical loss databases."
    },
    "de": {
      "id": "term-operationelles-risiko",
      "lang": "de",
      "type": "term",
      "title": "Operationelles Risiko (Operational Risk)",
      "shortDefinition": "Das operationelle Risiko ist die Gefahr eines Verlusts, der aus unzulänglichen internen Prozessen, Mitarbeitern, Systemen oder externen Ereignissen resultiert, und zählt unter Solvency II zu den eigenständigen Risikokategorien.",
      "synonyms": [
        "Operational Risk"
      ],
      "linesOfBusiness": [
        "All lines"
      ],
      "jurisdictions": [],
      "tags": [
        "Risikomanagement",
        "Solvency II"
      ],
      "relations": {
        "relatedTerms": [
          "term-orsa",
          "term-modellrisiko"
        ],
        "partOf": [],
        "appliesTo": [],
        "regulatedBy": [],
        "relevantFor": [],
        "insurableVia": [],
        "mitigatedBy": [],
        "comprises": [],
        "alternativeTo": [],
        "complementedBy": []
      },
      "attribute": null,
      "profile": null,
      "coverageProfile": null,
      "clause": null,
      "legalBasis": [],
      "standards": [],
      "reviewStatus": "expert-reviewed",
      "reviewedBy": "Guido Hesse, Hesse Group Holding AG",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-09-04",
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-08-31",
      "generated": {
        "by": "process:reconstructed",
        "at": "2026-08-31T00:00:00.000Z"
      },
      "verified": [
        {
          "by": "human:ghesse",
          "at": "2026-09-04T00:00:00.000Z",
          "method": null
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      ],
      "staleAfter": null,
      "url": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/de/wissen/begriff/operationelles-risiko/",
      "alternateUrl": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/en/knowledge/term/operational-risk/",
      "body": "## Begriff\n\nDas operationelle Risiko bezeichnet die Gefahr eines Verlusts, der aus unzulänglichen oder fehlgeschlagenen internen Prozessen, aus dem Verhalten von Mitarbeitern, aus dem Ausfall von Systemen oder aus externen Ereignissen resultiert. Es ist von den versicherungstechnischen Risiken und den Marktrisiken klar abzugrenzen, da es nicht aus der bewusst übernommenen Geschäftstätigkeit selbst, sondern aus deren fehlerhafter Ausführung entsteht.\n\n## Typische Erscheinungsformen\n\nZu den typischen Ausprägungen operationeller Risiken zählen IT-Ausfälle und Cyberangriffe, Betrug durch eigene Mitarbeiter oder Dritte, Fehler in der Schadenregulierung oder der Prämienabrechnung, die Nichteinhaltung regulatorischer Vorgaben (Compliance-Risiko) sowie Reputationsschäden infolge öffentlich bekannt gewordener Missstände.\n\n## Bedeutung unter Solvency II\n\nUnter Solvency II wird das operationelle Risiko als eigenständiges Risikomodul in die Berechnung der Solvenzkapitalanforderung (SCR) einbezogen, wobei die Standardformel einen vereinfachten, an Prämien- und Rückstellungsvolumina orientierten Ansatz verwendet; grössere Versicherer, die ein internes Modell verwenden, müssen operationelle Risiken hingegen häufig durch differenziertere Methoden wie Szenarioanalysen und historische Verlustdatenbanken quantifizieren."
    }
  }
}