{
  "id": "riskg-natural-hazards",
  "type": "risk-guideline",
  "languages": {
    "en": {
      "id": "riskg-natural-hazards",
      "lang": "en",
      "type": "risk-guideline",
      "title": "Natural Hazards Exposure Assessment",
      "shortDefinition": "A natural hazards exposure assessment systematically evaluates locations for perils such as flood, earthquake, windstorm and hail, providing the basis for protection measures, limits and insurance structure.",
      "synonyms": [
        "NatCat assessment"
      ],
      "linesOfBusiness": [
        "Property",
        "Reinsurance"
      ],
      "jurisdictions": [
        "CH",
        "Global"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Natural hazards",
        "Risk assessment"
      ],
      "relations": {
        "relatedTerms": [
          "term-exposure",
          "term-pml",
          "clause-hours",
          "riskg-flood-protection",
          "riskg-windstorm-preparedness",
          "riskg-hail-protection",
          "riskg-snow-load",
          "riskg-earthquake-protection",
          "riskg-wildfire-exposure",
          "riskg-freeze-protection",
          "riskg-surface-water-drainage"
        ],
        "partOf": [],
        "appliesTo": [
          "cov-property-all-risks"
        ],
        "regulatedBy": [],
        "relevantFor": [],
        "insurableVia": [],
        "mitigatedBy": [],
        "comprises": [],
        "alternativeTo": [],
        "complementedBy": []
      },
      "attribute": null,
      "profile": null,
      "coverageProfile": null,
      "clause": null,
      "legalBasis": [],
      "standards": [],
      "reviewStatus": "expert-reviewed",
      "reviewedBy": "Guido Hesse, Hesse Group Holding AG",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-09-04",
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-09-01",
      "generated": {
        "by": "cursor-agent/claude-sonnet-5",
        "at": "2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z"
      },
      "verified": [
        {
          "by": "human:ghesse",
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      ],
      "staleAfter": null,
      "url": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/en/knowledge/risk-engineering/natural-hazards-exposure-assessment/",
      "alternateUrl": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/de/wissen/risk-engineering/naturgefahren-exponierungsanalyse/",
      "body": "## Approach\n\nFor each location, hazard zones (for example cantonal hazard maps, seismic zoning, global tools such as Swiss Re CatNet) are combined with local factors: building elevation versus flood level, construction type, critical equipment in basements, backflow protection. The result is a set of scenarios with return periods and expected loss amounts.\n\n## Deriving measures\n\nThe analysis leads to structural measures (sealing, elevated installation of critical infrastructure), organisational preparedness (flood emergency plans, mobile barriers) and the risk-adequate structuring of sublimits and deductibles per peril and zone.\n\n## Relevance under climate change\n\nHazard patterns are shifting; historical data underestimates future frequencies. Periodic reassessment – especially for flood and hail – is increasingly expected by insurers and significantly influences capacity and price."
    },
    "de": {
      "id": "riskg-natural-hazards",
      "lang": "de",
      "type": "risk-guideline",
      "title": "Naturgefahren-Exponierungsanalyse",
      "shortDefinition": "Die Naturgefahren-Exponierungsanalyse bewertet Standorte systematisch nach Gefährdungen wie Hochwasser, Erdbeben, Sturm und Hagel und liefert die Grundlage für Schutzmassnahmen, Limiten und Versicherungsstruktur.",
      "synonyms": [
        "NatCat-Analyse",
        "Naturgefahrenassessment"
      ],
      "linesOfBusiness": [
        "Sach",
        "Rückversicherung"
      ],
      "jurisdictions": [
        "CH",
        "Global"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Naturgefahren",
        "Risikobewertung"
      ],
      "relations": {
        "relatedTerms": [
          "term-exposure",
          "term-pml",
          "clause-hours",
          "riskg-flood-protection",
          "riskg-windstorm-preparedness",
          "riskg-hail-protection",
          "riskg-snow-load",
          "riskg-earthquake-protection",
          "riskg-wildfire-exposure",
          "riskg-freeze-protection",
          "riskg-surface-water-drainage"
        ],
        "partOf": [],
        "appliesTo": [
          "cov-property-all-risks"
        ],
        "regulatedBy": [],
        "relevantFor": [],
        "insurableVia": [],
        "mitigatedBy": [],
        "comprises": [],
        "alternativeTo": [],
        "complementedBy": []
      },
      "attribute": null,
      "profile": null,
      "coverageProfile": null,
      "clause": null,
      "legalBasis": [],
      "standards": [],
      "reviewStatus": "expert-reviewed",
      "reviewedBy": "Guido Hesse, Hesse Group Holding AG",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-09-04",
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-09-01",
      "generated": {
        "by": "cursor-agent/claude-sonnet-5",
        "at": "2026-09-01T00:00:00.000Z"
      },
      "verified": [
        {
          "by": "human:ghesse",
          "at": "2026-09-04T00:00:00.000Z",
          "method": null
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      ],
      "staleAfter": null,
      "url": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/de/wissen/risk-engineering/naturgefahren-exponierungsanalyse/",
      "alternateUrl": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/en/knowledge/risk-engineering/natural-hazards-exposure-assessment/",
      "body": "## Vorgehen\n\nFür jeden Standort werden Gefährdungszonen (etwa kantonale Gefahrenkarten, SIA-Erdbebenzonen, globale Tools wie Swiss Re CatNet) mit lokalen Faktoren kombiniert: Gebäudehöhe versus Flutkote, Bauweise, kritische Anlagen in Untergeschossen, Rückstausicherungen. Ergebnis sind Szenarien mit Wiederkehrperioden und erwarteten Schadenhöhen.\n\n## Massnahmenableitung\n\nAus der Analyse folgen bauliche Massnahmen (Abdichtung, erhöhte Aufstellung kritischer Infrastruktur), organisatorische Vorsorge (Hochwasser-Notfallpläne, mobile Barrieren) und die risikogerechte Strukturierung von Sublimiten und Selbstbehalten je Gefahr und Zone.\n\n## Bedeutung im Klimawandel\n\nGefährdungsbilder verschieben sich; historische Daten unterschätzen künftige Häufigkeiten. Periodische Neubewertung – insbesondere bei Hochwasser und Hagel – wird von Versicherern zunehmend erwartet und beeinflusst Kapazität und Preis erheblich."
    }
  }
}