{
  "id": "reg-solvency-ii",
  "type": "regulation",
  "languages": {
    "en": {
      "id": "reg-solvency-ii",
      "lang": "en",
      "type": "regulation",
      "title": "Solvency II",
      "shortDefinition": "Solvency II is the EU's risk-based supervisory regime for insurers and reinsurers; it governs capital requirements, governance and reporting duties in three pillars.",
      "synonyms": [
        "Directive 2009/138/EC"
      ],
      "linesOfBusiness": [
        "All lines",
        "Reinsurance"
      ],
      "jurisdictions": [
        "EU"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Supervisory law",
        "Solvency"
      ],
      "relations": {
        "relatedTerms": [
          "term-ibnr",
          "reg-finma-vag"
        ],
        "partOf": [],
        "appliesTo": [],
        "regulatedBy": [],
        "relevantFor": [],
        "insurableVia": [],
        "mitigatedBy": [],
        "comprises": [],
        "alternativeTo": [],
        "complementedBy": []
      },
      "attribute": null,
      "profile": null,
      "coverageProfile": null,
      "clause": null,
      "legalBasis": [
        "EU: Directive 2009/138/EC (Solvency II)"
      ],
      "standards": [],
      "reviewStatus": "expert-reviewed",
      "reviewedBy": "Guido Hesse, Hesse Group Holding AG",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-09-04",
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-08-31",
      "generated": {
        "by": "process:reconstructed",
        "at": "2026-08-31T00:00:00.000Z"
      },
      "verified": [
        {
          "by": "human:ghesse",
          "at": "2026-09-04T00:00:00.000Z",
          "method": null
        }
      ],
      "staleAfter": null,
      "url": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/en/knowledge/regulation/solvency-ii/",
      "alternateUrl": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/de/wissen/regulierung/solvency-ii/",
      "body": "## Three-pillar structure\n\nPillar 1 defines quantitative requirements: market-consistent balance sheet valuation, the solvency capital requirement (SCR, calibrated to a 99.5 percent one-year risk) and the minimum capital requirement (MCR). Pillar 2 requires governance, risk management and the own risk and solvency assessment (ORSA). Pillar 3 governs disclosure and supervisory reporting.\n\n## Scope\n\nCovered are insurers and reinsurers domiciled in the EU above de minimis thresholds, as well as groups with an EU parent. For third countries – including Switzerland – equivalence decisions exist that, for example, facilitate the recognition of reinsurance.\n\n## Practical relevance\n\nSolvency ratios influence risk carriers' capacity, pricing behaviour and ratings. For policyholders, SFCR reports are a public source for counterparty assessment."
    },
    "de": {
      "id": "reg-solvency-ii",
      "lang": "de",
      "type": "regulation",
      "title": "Solvency II",
      "shortDefinition": "Solvency II ist das risikobasierte Aufsichtsregime der EU für Versicherer und Rückversicherer; es regelt Kapitalanforderungen, Governance und Berichtspflichten in drei Säulen.",
      "synonyms": [
        "Richtlinie 2009/138/EG"
      ],
      "linesOfBusiness": [
        "Alle Sparten",
        "Rückversicherung"
      ],
      "jurisdictions": [
        "EU"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Aufsichtsrecht",
        "Solvabilität"
      ],
      "relations": {
        "relatedTerms": [
          "term-ibnr",
          "reg-finma-vag"
        ],
        "partOf": [],
        "appliesTo": [],
        "regulatedBy": [],
        "relevantFor": [],
        "insurableVia": [],
        "mitigatedBy": [],
        "comprises": [],
        "alternativeTo": [],
        "complementedBy": []
      },
      "attribute": null,
      "profile": null,
      "coverageProfile": null,
      "clause": null,
      "legalBasis": [
        "EU: Richtlinie 2009/138/EG (Solvabilität II)",
        "EU: Solvency II"
      ],
      "standards": [],
      "reviewStatus": "expert-reviewed",
      "reviewedBy": "Guido Hesse, Hesse Group Holding AG",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-09-04",
      "version": "0.1.0",
      "updated": "2026-08-31",
      "generated": {
        "by": "process:reconstructed",
        "at": "2026-08-31T00:00:00.000Z"
      },
      "verified": [
        {
          "by": "human:ghesse",
          "at": "2026-09-04T00:00:00.000Z",
          "method": null
        }
      ],
      "staleAfter": null,
      "url": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/de/wissen/regulierung/solvency-ii/",
      "alternateUrl": "https://hgh.ch/lexikon/en/knowledge/regulation/solvency-ii/",
      "body": "## Drei-Säulen-Struktur\n\nSäule 1 definiert quantitative Anforderungen: marktnahe Bewertung der Bilanz, Solvenzkapitalanforderung (SCR, kalibriert auf ein 99,5-Prozent-Jahresrisiko) und Mindestkapitalanforderung (MCR). Säule 2 verlangt Governance, Risikomanagement und die unternehmenseigene Risikobeurteilung (ORSA). Säule 3 regelt Offenlegung und aufsichtliches Reporting.\n\n## Geltungsbereich\n\nErfasst sind Versicherer und Rückversicherer mit Sitz in der EU oberhalb von Bagatellschwellen sowie Gruppen mit EU-Obergesellschaft. Für Drittstaaten – darunter die Schweiz – bestehen Äquivalenzentscheide, die etwa die Anrechnung von Rückversicherung erleichtern.\n\n## Praxisrelevanz\n\nSolvenzquoten beeinflussen Kapazität, Preisverhalten und Ratings der Risikoträger. Für Versicherungsnehmer sind SFCR-Berichte eine öffentliche Quelle zur Gegenparteibeurteilung."
    }
  }
}